Liberation War
Liberty, you are
-Shamsur Rahman
"Liberty, you are my mother's white sari
fluttering in the breeze in the yard.
Liberty, you are the red color of mehdi
on the tender palm of my sister.
Liberty, you are the flaming poster
in my friend's hand.
Liberty, you are the thick black
loose hair of my wife
flowing in the wind.
Liberty, you are the colored shirt
on my son.
the play of sunlight on
my daughter's cheek.
Liberty, you are my garden,
the song of the cuckoo,
the rustling leaves
of an ancient banyan tree,
the note book where I write my verses
just as I choose."
Sequence of political events leading to our liberation war
Icons of Liberation War
|
Hindus, Christians, Buddhists & Muslims of Bangla: We all Bangaleee
|
Mums and daughters of Bangla: Our Freedom Fighters
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Four Founding Principles of Bangladesh Liberation War
| Bangalee Nationalism |
Secularism |
| Democracy |
Socialism |
Declaration of Independence
|
"Pak Army suddenly attacked E.P.R Base at Pilkhana, Rajarbag Police Line and killing citizens. Street battle are going on in every street of Dhaka-Chittagong. I appeal to the Nations of the World for help. Our freedom fighters are gallantly fighting with the enemies to free the motherland. I appeal and order you all in the name of Almighty Allah to fight to the last drop of blood to liberate the country. Ask police, E.P.R, Bengal regiment and Ansar to stand by you and to fight. No compromise. Victory is ours. Drive out the last enemy from the holy soil of motherland. Convey this message to all Awami League leaders, workers and other patriots and lovers of freedom. May Allah bless you.
Joy Bangla
SK. MUJIBUR RAHMAN
|
Peoples' War
Liberators of East Bangla: Bangalee commoners
The rural Bangalee youth: training for the independence war
Political Leadership
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
|
Tajuddin Ahmed (Prime Minister)
|
Syed Nazrul Islam (Vice President)
|
|
Kamaruz Zaman (Home Minister)
|
Captain Mansur Ali (Finance Minister)
|
National Advisory Council
| Tajuddin Ahmed, Convener (AL) |
AHK Bhasani (NAP) |
| Mozaffar Ahmed (NAP-M) |
Moni Singha (CP) |
| Manoranjan Dhar (Congress) |
Mostak Ahmed |
Bangalee Muktijoddha ( Freedom Fighters)
Polarization of Political Parties: 1971
| Pro Liberation political parties |
Anti Liberation political parties |
| Awami League |
Muslim League |
| NAP (Mozaffar) |
Jamat-e-Islam |
| CPB (Moni Singha) |
Nezam-e-Islam |
| Bangladesh Congress Party |
Pro-Chinese Leftists |
Shwadhin Bangla Betar Kendra
(Radio Center of Independent Bangla)
The role of Shwadhin Bangla Betar Kendra, the Radio Center of Independent Bangla was crucial to inspire the spirit of liberation war among the Bangalees against the Islamic colonisation imposed by the Pakistani military dictators and bolster the morale of Bangalee freedom fighters against Pakistani occupation army
International Alliance
| Alliance Forces |
Enemy Forces |
| India, USSR |
Pakistan, USA, China, Saudi Arab |
| Indira Gandhi (India) |
Gen Yahyah Khan |
| Leonid Brezhnev (USSR) |
Henri Kissinger (USA) |
| Nicolai Podogorny (USSR) |
Richard Nixon (USA) |
| Kosygin (USSR) |
Mao Zedong (China) |
| DP Dhar (India) |
Chou En Lai (China) |
| PN Haksar (India) |
Huang Hua (China) |
| Andre Gromico (USSR) |
|
Victory of Bangladesh
!6 December 1971
Bangalee Capt Hyder leading loser Paki Gen Niazi & his army
SURRENDER OF PAKISTANI OCCUPATION ARMY
(The Pakistan Eastern Command agree to surrender all Pakistan Armed Force in Bangladesh to Lieutenant- General Jagjit Singh Aurora, General Officer Commanding in Chief of the Indian and Bangladesh forces in the Eastern Theatre. This surrender includes all Pakistan land, air and naval forces as also all paramilitary forces and civil armed forces. These forces will lay down their arms and surrender at the places where they are currently located to the nearest regular troops under the command of Lieutenant-General Jagjit Singh Aurora.
The Pakistan Eastern Command shall come under Orders of Lieutenant-General Jagjit Singh Aurora as soon as this instrument has been signed disobedience of orders will be regarded as a breach of the surrender terms and will be dealt with in accordance with the accepted laws and usages of war. The decision of Lieutenant-General Jagjit Singh Aurora will be final, should any doubt arise as to the meaning or interpretation of the surrender terms.
Lieutenant-General Jagjit Singh Aurora gives a solemn assurance that personnel who surrender shall be treated with dignity and respect that soldiers are entitled to in accordance with Provisions of the Geneva Convention and guarantees the safety and well being of all Pakistan military and para-military forces who surrenders. Protection will be provided to foreign nationals, ethnic minorities and personnel of West Pakistan origin by the forces under the command of Lieutenant-General Jagjit Singh Aurora.)
Victory is Ours
Recognition of Bangladesh as an independent state
| India |
6 December 1971 |
| Bhutan |
7 December 1971 |
| GDR, Mongolia |
11 January 1971 |
| Bulgaria, Poland |
12 January 1971 |
| Burma |
13 January 1971 |
| Nepal |
16 January 1971 |
| |
|
| Saudi Arab |
16 August 1975 |
| China |
31 August 1975 |
List of members of Pakistani occupation army surrendered to Bangladesh-India alliance forces on 16 December 1971
|
1. Regular Army
|
2.Air Forces personnel
|
| a. Officers: 1,606 |
a. Officers: 61 |
| b. JCOs: 2,345 |
b. Warrant Officers: 31 |
| c. Soldiers: 64, 448 |
c. Airmen: 1,049 |
| d. Non combat personnel: 1,022 |
|
|
2.Para militia forces
|
Others
|
| a. Officers: 79 |
Armed Police and civil administrative officers and personnel: 7,721 |
| b. JCOs: 448 |
|
| c. Soldiers: 11,665 |
|
|
Naval Forces
|
|
| a. Officers: 91 |
|
| b. Petty Officers: 30 |
|
| c. Seamen: 1,292 |
|
| |
Total: 91, 549*
|
* Source: Major Gen Sukhwant Singh: The Liberation of Bangladesh
Liberation War and creative arts
Literature:
Films
Pre Liberation:
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Jiban Theke Neya: Zahir Rayhan
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Joy Bangla: Uma Prosad Maitra
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Joy Bangladesh: IS Johar
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Nine Months to Freedom: Shuk Deb
During Liberation war:
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Stop Genocide (71): Zahir Rayhan
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Liberation Fighters (Alamgir Kabir supervised by Zahir Rayhan)
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Innocent Millions (Babul Chowdhury)
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A state is born: Zahir Rayhan
News documentaries:
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Pigram
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A Child will Cry
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Sun rise, Sun down
After liberation:
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Ora Egaro Jan: Chashi Nazrul Islam
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Arun Ydayer Agni Shaksi: Shubhash Datta
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Bagha Bangalee: Ananda (1972)
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Roktakto Bangla: Momtaz Ali (72)
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Dhire Bahe Meghna: Alamgir Kabir (73)
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Abar Tora Manush Ha: Khan Ataur Rahman
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Amar Janma Bhumi: Alamgir Kumkum (73)
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Sangram: Chashi Nazrul (74)
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Alor Michhil: Naryan Ghosh Mita (74)
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Megher Anek Rang: Harun or Rashid (76)
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Kalmi Lata: Shahidul Haq Khan (86)
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Ekattorer Jishu: Nasiruddin Yusuf Baccu (93)
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Aguner Parashmoni: Humayun Ahmed (94)
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Nadir Nam Madhumati: Tanvir Mokammel (95)
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Ekhono Anek Rat : Khan Ata
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Banglar Chabbish Bachhar: Mohammad Ali
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Kar Hashi ke Hashe: Ananda
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Badhon Hara: AJ Mintu
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Chitkar: Matin Rahman
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Rupali Shaikat: Alamgir Kabir
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Ek Sagaro Rakter Binimoye: Alamgir Kabir
Short Films and documentary:
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Agami, Shuchana: Morhsedul Islam
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Hulia: Tanvir Mokammel
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Smriti Ekattor: Tanvir Mokammel
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Prottabartan: Mostafa Kamal
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Dhusar Jatra, Abarton: Abu Sayeed
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Chakki, Potaka (the Flag): Enayet Karim Babul
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Duranta: Khan Akhter Hossain
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Ekjon Muktijodda: Dioldar Hossain
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Neel Dangsan: Suman Ahmed
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Program in Bangladesh: Alamgir Kabir
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Towards a golden Bangla: Alamgir Kabir
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Muktir Gaan, Muktir Katha: Tareq & Catherine Masud
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Sey Rater Katha Bolte Esechhi: Kawsar Chowdhury
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Shilalipi: Shamim Akhter
Films overseas
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UK: Dateline Bangladesh: Gita Mehta
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Japan: Bangladesh story: Nagisha Oshima
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India: Duranta Padma: Durga Prosad
Source: www.muktadhara.net
